How to Cite an Image in American Political Science Association (APSA)
In APSA cite an image with the creator, the year, a title or description, the medium, and the repository or website with URL, following Chicago author-date. The in-text citation uses the creator and year, or the title when no creator is named.
Fill the required fields to generate your citation.
No account needed. Your citations stay in your browser and are never uploaded.
How to cite an image in APSA step by step
- Creator. Give the artist or photographer as the author; if unknown, begin with the title or a description.
- Year. Provide the year the image was created or published, placed after the creator.
- Title or describe. Use the formal title in italics, or a short description for an untitled work.
- Medium and repository. Note the medium and name the archive, museum, or website holding the image.
- URL. For an online image, give the full URL to the exact item.
APSA image citation format
APSA orders an image as creator, year, title or description, medium, and repository, following Chicago author-date. The worked example shows the online image form.
Common image citation variations
How do I cite an image with no creator in APSA?
Begin with the title or a description and use it as the in-text anchor, then give the year, the repository, and the URL.
How do I cite a political map or infographic in APSA?
Name the producing organization as the creator, the year, the title, the source, and the URL, treating it as a graphic the reader can verify.
How do I cite a figure reproduced from another source in APSA?
Cite the source the figure came from and add a credit line under the figure, with the full entry in the reference list.
How do I cite a historical photograph from an archive in APSA?
Give the photographer if named or a description if not, the year, the holding archive, and the URL or collection identifier.
Cite any source in APSA
Image citation FAQ
Does an image need a creator in APSA?
Not always. When no creator is named, you start with the title or a description and use that as the in-text anchor.
Are artwork titles italicized in APSA?
Yes. Formal artwork titles are italicized, while an untitled work uses a roman description.